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1.
Arch. cardiol. Méx ; 90(2): 137-141, Apr.-Jun. 2020. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1131022

ABSTRACT

Abstract Objective: The objective of PHASE-MX registry is to validate the efficacy and safety of the pharmacoinvasive strategy in comparison with percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in patients with acute myocardial infarction with ST segment elevation (STEMI) in a metropolitan region of Mexico. The primary outcome will consist of the composite of cardiovascular death, re-infarction, stroke and cardiogenic shock. Methods: The PHASE-MX registry will include a prospective cohort of patients with STEMI who received reperfusion treatment (mechanical of pharmacological) in the first 12 h after the onset of symptoms. The registry is designed to compare the efficacy and safety of primary PCI and pharmacoinvasive strategy. The simple size was calculated in 344 patients divided into two groups, with an estimated loss rate of 10%. Patients included in the PHASE-MX cohort will be followed for up to one year. Conclusion: In Mexico, only 5 out of 10 patients with STEMI have access to reperfusion therapy. Pharmacoinvasive strategy is takes advantage of the accessibility of fibrinolysis and the effectiveness of PCI. The present research protocol aims to provide information that serves as a link between information derived from controlled clinical trials and records derived from real world experience.


Resumen Objetivo: El objetivo del registro PHASE-MX es validar la eficacia y seguridad de la estrategia farmacoinvasiva en comparación con la angioplastia coronaria transluminal percutánea primaria (ACTPp) en pacientes con infarto agudo de miocardio con elevación del segmento ST (IAMCEST) en una región metropolitana de México. El desenlace primario es el compuesto de muerte cardiovascular, reinfarto, accidente vascular cerebral y choque cardiogénico. Métodos: El registro PHASE-MX es una cohorte prospectiva de pacientes con IAMCEST que recibieron tratamiento de reperfusión (mecánico o farmacológico) en las primeras 12 horas desde el inicio de los síntomas, atendidos en el Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez. El análisis estadístico se basa en la no inferioridad de la estrategia farmacoinvasiva en comparación con la ACTPp. Se calcula un tamaño de muestra de 344 pacientes divididos en dos grupos (angioplastia primaria y estrategia farmacoinvasiva), considerada una tasa de pérdidas de 10%. Los pacientes incluidos en la cohorte PHASE-MX se seguirán durante un año. Discusión: En México, sólo 5 de cada 10 pacientes con IAMCEST tienen acceso al tratamiento de reperfusión. La estrategia farmacoinvasiva aprovecha la accesibilidad de la fibrinólisis y la efectividad de la ACTPp, por lo que podría resultar el método de elección en el tratamiento del IAMCEST en la mayoría de los casos. El presente protocolo de investigación pretende aportar información que sirva como enlace entre la información derivada de los estudios clínicos controlados y los registros derivados de la experiencia del mundo real.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Reperfusion/methods , Percutaneous Coronary Intervention/methods , ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction/therapy , Research Design , Shock, Cardiogenic/epidemiology , Registries , Prospective Studies , Cohort Studies , Follow-Up Studies , Stroke/epidemiology , Percutaneous Coronary Intervention/adverse effects , Mexico
2.
Arq. neuropsiquiatr ; 78(1): 39-43, Jan. 2020. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1088983

ABSTRACT

Abstract Stroke is an important cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Reperfusion therapy with intravenous tissue plasminogen activator (IV-tPA) was first implemented in 1996. More recently, endovascular reperfusion with mechanical thrombectomy (MT) demonstrated a robust beneficial effect, extending the 4.5 h time window. In our country, there are difficulties to achieve the implementation of both procedures. Objective: Our purpose is to report the early experience of a Comprehensive Stroke Center in the use of MT for acute stroke. Methods: Analysis of consecutive patients from January 2015 to September 2018, who received reperfusion treatment with MT. Demographic data, treatment times, previous use of IV-tPA, site of obstruction, recanalization, outcomes and disability after stroke were assessed. Results: We admitted 891 patients with acute ischemic stroke during this period. Ninety-seven received IV-tPA (11%) and 27 were treated with MT (3%). In the MT group, mean age was 66.0±14.5 years. Median NIHSS before MT was 20 (range:14‒24). The most prevalent etiology was cardioembolic stroke (52%). Prior to MT, 16 of 27 patients (59%) received IV-tPA. Previous tPA treatment did not affect onset to recanalization time or door-to-puncture time. For MT, door-to-puncture time was 104±50 minutes and onset to recanalization was 289±153 minutes. Successful recanalization (mTICI grade 2b/3) was achieved in 21 patients (78%). At three-month follow-up, the median NIHSS was 5 (range:4‒15) and mRS was 0‒2 in 37%, and ≥3 in 63%. Conclusions: With adequate logistics and strict selection criteria, MT can be implemented in our population with results like those reported in large clinical trials.


Resumen El accidente cerebrovascular isquémico (ACVi) es una importante causa de morbi-mortalidad a nivel mundial. La reperfusión con trombólisis endovenosa es utilizada desde 1996. Más recientemente, la reperfusión con trombectomía mecánica (TM) ha demostrado un beneficio consistente extendiendo la ventana terapéutica. En nuestro país existen dificultades para que su implementación sea una práctica habitual. Objetivo: Reportamos la experiencia de un Centro Integral de Neurología Vascular en el uso de TM como tratamiento del ACVi agudo. Métodos: Análisis retrospectivo de pacientes consecutivos desde enero 2015 a septiembre 2018, que recibieron reperfusión con TM. Se registraron datos demográficos, tiempos de tratamiento, uso de rtPA, sitio de obstrucción, recanalización, severidad del evento y discapacidad. Resultados: Se evaluaron 891 pacientes con ACVi en este periodo. 97 recibieron rtPA (11%) y 27 recibieron TM (3%). En el grupo TM, la edad promedio fue 66 años (±14.5). Mediana de NIHSS previo a TM: 20 (RIC 14‒24). La etiología más frecuente fue cardioembolia (52%). Previo a TM, 16 pacientes (59%) recibieron rtPA endovenoso. No hallamos efecto del rtPA en tiempo de recanalización por TM o tiempo puerta-punción. Para la TM, el tiempo puerta-punción fue 104±50 minutos y el tiempo entre inicio de síntomas-recanalización fue 289±153 minutos. En 21 pacientes (78%) se logró recanalización exitosa (TICI 2B/3). En el seguimiento a tres meses, el mRS fue 0‒2 en el 37% y ≥3 en el 63%. Conclusión: Una logística adecuada y un estricto criterio de selección ha posibilitado el uso de TM en nuestra población, obteniendo resultados similares a aquellos reportados en los estudios clínicos publicados.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Reperfusion/methods , Brain Ischemia/therapy , Stroke/therapy , Mechanical Thrombolysis/methods , Argentina , Time Factors , Reproducibility of Results , Follow-Up Studies , Treatment Outcome
3.
J. vasc. bras ; 19: e20190010, 2020. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1135095

ABSTRACT

Resumo Contexto A isquemia e reperfusão (I/R) renal está envolvida diretamente com insuficiência renal aguda, ocorrendo em casos como infarto por embolização ou trombose, quadros de septicemia e transplante renal. Esse processo é complexo, envolvendo respostas imunes inatas e adaptativas, presença de infiltrado celular, produção e liberação de citocinas e quimiocinas. Também desencadeia respostas celulares e liberação de espécies reativas de oxigênio, além de resultar em apoptose e, em alguns casos, necrose celular. Nesse contexto, é imprescindível a avaliação dos mecanismos de proteção ao tecido renal. Objetivos O objetivo foi testar a solução desenvolvida M&G, avaliando sua capacidade protetora no rim por meio de análise morfométrica e presença e expressão de citocinas inflamatórias (TNF-alfa, VEGF, HIF e IL-8). Métodos Foram selecionados 18 ratos Wistar, divididos em três grupos: Sham (S), Controle (C) e Estudo (E). O grupo S foi submetido ao processo cirúrgico sem o clampeamento arterial. No grupo C, foi clampeada a aorta acima e abaixo da artéria renal esquerda, sem a infusão de solução preservadora. No grupo E, além do clampeamento, realizou-se a punção da aorta e a infusão contínua da solução M&G por 20 minutos a 15 °C. Realizou-se a avaliação morfológica e imuno-histoquímica com os marcadores. Resultados Identificaram-se diferenças morfológicas entre o grupo S comparado aos grupos C e E. Na análise dos marcadores, houve redução na intensidade de expressão do TNF e na expressão do VEGF no grupo E. Não houve diferenças com HIF e IL-8 entre os grupos. Conclusões A solução M&G apresentou redução da presença e expressão de TNF-alfa e tendência de redução do VEGF.


Abstract Background Renal ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) is directly associated with acute renal failure and can occur in conditions such as infarction caused by embolization or thrombosis, septicemia, and kidney transplantation. The process is complex, involving innate and adaptive immune responses, presence of cellular infiltrate, and production and release of cytokines and chemokines. It also triggers cell responses and release of reactive oxygen species, in addition to causing apoptosis and, in some cases, cell necrosis. Against this background, evaluation of renal tissue protection mechanisms is essential. Objectives The objective of this study was to test the M&G solution, developed in prior research, evaluating its capacity to protect the kidneys using morphometric analysis and by assaying the presence and expression of inflammatory cytokines (TNF-alpha, VEGF, HIF, and IL-8). Methods Eighteen Wistar rats were divided into three groups: Sham (S), Control (C), and Experimental (E). The S group underwent the surgical operation, but without arterial clamping. In group C, the aorta was clamped above and below the left renal artery, without infusion of the preservation solution. In group E, in addition to clamping, the aorta was punctured and M&G solution was infused continuously for 20 minutes at 15o C. Morphological analysis and immunohistochemical assessment of markers were then conducted. Results Morphological differences were identified in group S compared with groups C and E. Analysis of markers revealed reduced intensity of expression of TNF and of VEGF in group E. There were no differences in HIF or IL-8 between groups. Conclusions The M&G solution was associated with a reduction in presence and expression of TNF-alpha and a trend to reduced VEGF.


Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Rats , Reperfusion/methods , Organ Preservation Solutions/therapeutic use , Ischemia/complications , Kidney , Phosphates , Potassium Chloride , Sodium Chloride , Rats, Wistar , Sodium Bicarbonate , Renal Insufficiency/therapy
4.
Rev. bras. cir. cardiovasc ; 33(2): 143-150, Mar.-Apr. 2018. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-958392

ABSTRACT

Abstract Introduction: Hypothermic circulatory arrest is widely used for correction of acute type A aortic dissection pathology. We present our experience of 45 consecutive patients operated in our unit with bilateral antegrade cerebral perfusion and moderate hypothermic circulatory arrest. Methods: Between January 2011 and April 2015, 45 consecutive patients were admitted for acute type A aortic dissection and operated emergently under moderate hypothermic circulatory arrest and bilateral antegrade cerebral perfusion. Results: Mean age was 58±11.4 years old. Median circulatory arrest time was 41.5 (30-54) minutes while the 30-day mortality and postoperative permanent neurological deficits rates were 6.7% and 13.3%, respectively. Unadjusted analysis revealed that the factors associated with 30-day mortality were: preoperative hemodynamic instability (OR: 14.8, 95% CI: 2.41, 90.6, P=0.004); and postoperative requirement for open sternum management (OR: 5.0, 95% CI: 1.041, 24.02, P=0.044) while preoperative hemodynamic instability (OR: 8.8, 95% CI: 1.41, 54.9, P=0.02) and postoperative sepsis or multiple organ dysfunction (OR: 13.6, 95% CI: 2.1, 89.9, P=0.007) were correlated with neurological dysfunction. By multivariable logistic regression analysis, postoperative sepsis and multiple organ dysfunction independently predicted (OR: 15.9, 95% CI: 1.05, 96.4, P=0.045) the incidence of severe postoperative neurological complication. During median follow-up of 6 (2-12) months, the survival rate was 86.7%. Conclusion: Bilateral antegrade cerebral perfusion and direct carotid perfusion for cardiopulmonary bypass, in the surgical treatment for correction of acute aortic dissection type A, is a valuable technique with low 30-day mortality rate. However, postoperative severe neurological dysfunctions remain an issue that warrants further research.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , Aged , Aortic Aneurysm/surgery , Brain/blood supply , Cardiopulmonary Bypass/methods , Reperfusion/methods , Circulatory Arrest, Deep Hypothermia Induced/methods , Aortic Dissection/surgery , Aortic Aneurysm/mortality , Postoperative Complications , Time Factors , Cardiopulmonary Bypass/adverse effects , Cardiopulmonary Bypass/mortality , Reperfusion/adverse effects , Reperfusion/mortality , Logistic Models , Acute Disease , Reproducibility of Results , Retrospective Studies , Risk Factors , Treatment Outcome , Circulatory Arrest, Deep Hypothermia Induced/adverse effects , Circulatory Arrest, Deep Hypothermia Induced/mortality , Hemodynamics , Aortic Dissection/mortality , Nervous System Diseases/etiology
5.
J. vasc. bras ; 16(3): f:187-l:194, jul.-set. 2017. tab, ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-876801

ABSTRACT

Contexto: Isquemia crítica de membro inferior sem leito distal tem opções restritas para tratamento. Desviar o fluxo de maneira retrógrada através da circulação venosa é alternativa amparada em evidências de inúmeros trabalhos publicados. Objetivos: Comparar o comportamento de variáveis clínicas e laboratoriais em extremidades de suínos submetidas a isquemia e a isquemia com reperfusão por circulação retrógrada entre si e em relação e a um grupo controle. Métodos: Dez suínos foram separados em dois grupos. No grupo 1 (n=5), controle, avaliaram-se padrões fisiológicos de variáveis como fluxo ao Doppler, temperatura, gasometria, lactato, creatinoquinase (CK) e pressão arterial. No grupo 2 (n=5), após um período médio de isquemia de 27 minutos e 30 segundos, consequente à interrupção do fluxo nas artérias femorais, os animais foram submetidos a arterialização venosa no membro posterior esquerdo e a manutenção da isquemia no direito. As variáveis foram analisadas separadamente durante momentos 0, 2, 3, 4 e 6 horas após a reperfusão para efeito de comparação entre si e com o grupo controle. Resultados: A análise das variáveis mostrou, em ambos os procedimentos, queda de BE e pO2 , com elevação significativa de lactato e CK em relação ao grupo controle. Nos membros isquêmicos arterializados, encontramos fluxo ao Doppler e maiores pressões arteriais e temperaturas quando comparadas ao membro em isquemia. Conclusões: A análise comparativa das extremidades em isquemia e isquemia arterializada mostrou, em relação ao grupo controle, um quadro de acidose metabólica, com significativo aumento de lactato e CK, que sugerem dano celular e sinais de reperfusão retrógrada nas extremidades arterializadas


Background: There are few options for treating critical ischemia in limbs with no distal patency. Diverting flow through the venous circulation is an option supported by evidence from numerous published studies. Objectives: To compare the behavior of clinical and laboratory variables between the hind limbs of pigs subjected to ischemia and to ischemia with reperfusion by retrograde circulation and between these intervention groups and a control group. Methods: Ten pigs were divided into 2 groups. In group 1 (n=5), controls, patterns of physiological variables such as flow according to Doppler ultrasound, temperature, blood gas analysis results, lactate, creatine kinase, and blood pressure were evaluated. In group 2 (n=5), after an initial ischemia period with mean duration of 27 minutes and 30 seconds, provoked by interrupting flow through the femoral arteries, the animals were subjected to venous arterialization of the left hind limb while the right hind limb was maintained in ischemia. Variables were analyzed separately for each hind leg at 0, 2, 3, 4, and 6 hours after reperfusion and compared against each other and the control group. Results: Analysis of variables from both procedures showed decreases in BE and PO2 and significant increases in lactate and creatine kinase, in relation to the control group. In arterialized ischemic limbs, we observed flow on Doppler ultrasound, and arterial pressures and temperatures were higher than in the ischemic limbs. Conclusions: Comparative analysis of the extremities in ischemia and arterialized ischemia showed, in relation to the control group, metabolic acidosis with significant increases in lactate and creatine kinase, suggesting cellular damage, and there were signs of retrograde reperfusion in arterialized extremities.


Subject(s)
Animals , Comparative Study , Control Groups , Ischemia/complications , Models, Animal , Reperfusion/methods , Arterial Pressure/physiology , Creatine Kinase , Femoral Artery/physiology , Ketosis/diagnosis , Lactic Acid , Lower Extremity , Data Interpretation, Statistical , Swine
6.
Int. j. cardiovasc. sci. (Impr.) ; 30(3): f:207-l:218, mai.-jun. 2017. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-836675

ABSTRACT

Fundamento: Embora muitas pesquisas tenham sido conduzidas com um determinado antioxidante ou mPTP individualmente, pouca atenção tem sido dada para os efeitos da co-administração de um antioxidante e um inibidor de mPTP sobre a disfunção cardíaca após a lesão de I/R. Objetivos: Este estudo objetiva determinar os efeitos do ácido gálico (como antioxidante) combinado com a ciclosporina A (CsA) (como inibidor de mPTP) na função cardíaca e endotelial na disfunção induzida por I/R (função de NO). Métodos: Ratos Wistar machos foram pré-tratados com ácido gálico (7,5, 15 ou 30 mg.kg-1 de peso corporal, diariamente) por um período de 10 dias. Em seguida, o coração foi isolado e exposto a isquemia de 30 minutos e perfundido por CsA (0,2 µM) 20 min durante o período de reperfusão. Resultados: Os dados mostraram que o tamanho do infarto foi significativamente diminuído por CsA e ácido gálico sozinho (p < 0,05, ANOVA unidirecional seguido de teste LSD). A combinação de ambos os fármacos, entretanto, apresentou efeitos de melhora mais significativos (p < 0,001). A combinação destes dois fármacos melhorou mais significativamente a taxa máxima de aumento e de queda da pressão ventricular (± dp.dt-1 máx), o duplo produto (DP), a pressão ventricular esquerda desenvolvida (PVED), a frequência cardíaca e o fluxo coronário quando comparada à aplicação de apenas um deles (p < 0,05, medidas repetidas ANOVA seguidas de teste de LSD). Conclusões: Em conclusão, o benefício de um antioxidante concomitante com um inibidor da mPTP poderia ter efeitos mais benéficos sobre a disfunção cardíaca induzida pela lesão I/R


Background: Although many researches have been conducted on either a certain antioxidant or mPTP individually, little attention has been drawn to the effects of co-administration of an antioxidant and mPTP inhibitor together on cardiac dysfunction after I/R injury. Objectives: This study aims at determining the effects of gallic acid (as Antioxidant) combined with cyclosporine A (CsA) (as mPTP inhibitor) on I/R induced cardiac and endothelial (role of NO) dysfunction. Methods: Male Wistar rats were pretreated with gallic acid (7.5, 15, or 30mg.kg-1 body weight, daily) for a period of 10 days. Then, the heart was isolated and exposed to 30-minute ischemia and perfused by CsA (0.2 µM) 20 min during reperfusion period. Results: The data have shown that infarct size was decreased significantly by CsA and gallic acid alone (p < 0.05, one way ANOVA followed by LSD test), however the combination of both drugs had more significant improving effects (p < 0.001). The combination of these two drugs improved more significantly maximum rate of rise and fall of ventricular pressure (±dp.dt-1 max), rate pressure product (RPP), left ventricular developed pressure (LVDP), heart rate and coronary flow rather than applying each one alone (p < 0.05, repeated measurement ANOVA followed by LSD test). Conclusion: In conclusion, benefiting from an antioxidant concomitant with an mPTP inhibitor could have more improving effects on the cardiac dysfunction induced by I/R injury


Subject(s)
Animals , Rats , Antioxidants , Cyclosporine/therapeutic use , Gallic Acid/therapeutic use , Ischemia/physiopathology , Rats , Reperfusion/methods , Analysis of Variance , Cardiovascular Diseases/physiopathology , Heart Rate , Heart/anatomy & histology , Models, Animal , Nitric Oxide Synthase , Reactive Oxygen Species , Ventricular Function
7.
ABCD (São Paulo, Impr.) ; 30(1): 27-29, Jan.-Mar. 2017. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-837554

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Background: Mesenteric ischemia is a challenging diagnosis. Delay in diagnosis can lead to extent bowel necrosis and poor outcomes. Ischemia and reperfusion syndrome plays an important role in this scenario. Aim: To access effects of different post-conditioning cycles on mesenteric ischemia-reperfusion syndrome. Method: Twenty-five rats were assigned into five groups: Sham, used to establish normal parameters; control group, submitted to mesenteric ischemia for 30 min; in groups GP3, GP1 and GP30, ischemia was followed by post-conditioning protocol, which consisted of 1 cycle of 3 min (GP3), 3 cycles of 1 min (GP1) or 6 cycles of 30 s (GP30), respectively. Ileum samples were harvested after one hour of reperfusion. Intestinal mucosal injury was evaluated through histopathological analysis. Results: The average of mesenteric injury degree was 0 in the sham group, 3.6 in the control group, 3.4 in GP3, 3.2 in GP1, and 3.0 in GP30; villous length average was 161.59 in sham group, 136.27 in control group, 135.89 in GP3, 129.46 in GP1, and 135.18 in GP30. Was found significant difference between sham and other groups (p<0.05); however, there was no difference among post-conditioning groups. Conclusion: Post-conditioning adopted protocols were not able to protect intestinal mucosa integrity after mesenteric ischemia and short term reperfusion.


RESUMO Racional: O desfecho satisfatório na abordagem cirúrgica da obesidade deve contemplar, além da perda de peso, alteração significativa nas comorbidades preexistentes e na qualidade de vida dos pacientes. Objetivo: Avaliar a qualidade de vida no pós-operatório tardio de pacientes submetidos à cirurgia de gastrectomia vertical por videolaparoscopia. Métodos: Foi aplicado o questionário "Bariatric Analysis and Reporting Outcome System" (BAROS) em pacientes submetidos à gastrectomia vertical por videolaparoscopia. Resultados: Foram avaliados 47 pacientes, entre 21 e 60 anos de idade. O IMC médio antes da operação era 43,06±5,87 kg/m². A média percentual de redução do excesso de peso após foi de 85,46±23,6%. A pontuação obtida pelos pacientes no questionário sobre a melhora na qualidade de vida evidenciou resultado excelente (36,17%), ótimo (40,43%), bom (21,28%) e razoável (2,13%). Houve melhora clínica após a operação em todas as comorbidades investigadas. Conclusão: A perda de peso foi fundamental para a melhoria na qualidade de vida e proporcionou resolução ou a melhora clínica em todas as comorbidades investigadas.


Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Rats , Reperfusion/methods , Reperfusion Injury/prevention & control , Ischemic Postconditioning/methods , Mesenteric Ischemia/prevention & control , Mesentery/blood supply , Time Factors , Clinical Protocols , Rats, Wistar
8.
Int. j. cardiovasc. sci. (Impr.) ; 29(3): f:168-l:174, mai.-jun. 2016. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-831774

ABSTRACT

Fundamento: Volume plaquetário médio (VPM) elevado está associado com falha na fibrinólise e eventos adversos em pacientes com infarto agudo do miocárdio com supradesnivelamento do segmento ST (IAMCSST). No entanto, não há dados sobre os efeitos do VPM sobre o fluxo sanguíneo coronariano anterógrado e o grau de reperfusão em pacientes com fibrinólise bem sucedida. Objetivo: O objetivo deste estudo foi investigar o papel do VMP sobre a circulação coronariana via contagem de quadros angiográficos (TFC) na trombólise no infarto do miocárdio (TIMI) após terapia fibrinolítica bem sucedida. Métodos: Entre 145 pacientes tratados com agentes fibrinolíticos, 123 (84,8%) pacientes consecutivos com fibrinólise bem sucedida, determinados por eletrocardiografia, foram incluídos. Os pacientes foram divididos em dois grupos de acordo com TFC. Um TCF > 40 foi considerado como um marcador de reperfusão inadequada, e um TCF ≤ 40 aceito como um indicador de reperfusão completa. Resultados: Após a angiografia coronária, 57 pacientes apresentaram TFC ≤ 40 e 66 pacientes apresentaram TFC > 40. O VPM foi significativamente mais alto no grupo com reperfusão inadequada (8,93 ± 0,87 fl vs. 7,92 ± 0,80 fl, p < 0,001). Um VPM elevado foi identificado como um indicador de reperfusão inadequada, e coordenadas da curva ROC indicaram um ponto de corte de 8,3 fl para VPM. Conclusão: VPM elevado na admissão em pacientes com IAMCSST tratados com terapia fibrinolítica bem sucedida associou-se com reperfusão inadequada detectada por TFC


Background: Higher Mean platelet volume (MPV) is associated with fibrinolysis failure and adverse outcomes in patients with ST elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). However, there are no data about the effects of MPV on antegrade coronary blood flow and the degree of reperfusion in patients with successful fibrinolysis. Objective: The aim of our study was to investigate the role of MPV on coronary circulation via thrombolysis in myocardial infarction (TIMI) frame count (TFC) after successful fibrinolytic therapy. Methods: Among 145 patients treated with fibrinolytics, 123 (84.8%) consecutive patients with successful fibrinolysis determined by electrocardiography criteria were included. The patients were divided into two groups according to TFC. TFC > 40 was accepted as a marker for inadequate reperfusion and TFC ≤ 40 was accepted as an indicator of complete reperfusion. Results: After coronary angiography, 57 patients had TFC ≤ 40 and 66 patients had TFC > 40. MPV was significantly higher in the inadequate reperfusion group (8.93 ± 0.87 fl vs 7.92 ± 0.80 fl, p < 0.001). Higher MPV was found to be an indicator of inadequate reperfusion and coordinates of the ROC curve indicated a cutoff value of 8.3 fl for MPV. Conclusion: Higher MPV on admission in STEMI patients treated with successful fibrinolytic therapy was found to be associated with inadequate reperfusion detected by TFC


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , Coronary Angiography/methods , Mean Platelet Volume/adverse effects , Patients , Reperfusion/methods , Thrombolytic Therapy/methods , Electrocardiography/methods , Fibrinolysis/drug effects , Myocardial Infarction/complications , Myocardial Infarction/diagnosis , Percutaneous Coronary Intervention/methods , Plaque, Atherosclerotic/therapy , Risk Factors , ROC Curve
9.
Rev. Soc. Cardiol. Estado de Säo Paulo ; 26(2): 120-127, abr.-jun.2016.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-796516

ABSTRACT

Apesar dos grandes avanços no tratamento médico, suporte farmacológico, técnicas de reperfusão e o suporte mecânico, as síndromes coronarianas ainda representam uma das principais causas de morbidade e mortalidade. Abordagens agressivas de revascularização miocárdica parecem estar associadas à redução da mortalidade em pacientes com síndromes coronarianas agudas (SCA). O melhor momento da intervenção não deve apenas reduzir a mortalidade em curto prazo, mas também oferecer resultados satisfatórios em longo prazo. Dependendo do tipo de evento, a síndrome coronariana aguda tem uma adequada modalidade terapêutica. Iremos abordar estratégias relacionadas ao infarto sem e com supra desnivelamento do segmento ST, infarto miocárdico com choque cardiogênico e as complicações mecânicas do infarto. De forma geral, a abordagem invasiva tem melhores resultados. Pacientes com infarto na fase aguda são abordados preferencialmente por técnicas percutâneas, pois a estratégia cirúrgica demanda tempo para a efetiva revascularização. Os resultados de seguimento em longo prazo variam de acordo com a extensão do infarto, a fração de ejeção e a anatomia coronariana. Aqueles pacientes que evoluem com choque cardiogênico têm alta mortalidade independente da estratégia utilizada. Pacientes que evoluem com complicações mecânicas, são necessariamente cirúrgicos, sendo que o melhor momento para a intervenção varia de acordo com a condição clínica e hemodinâmica...


Despite the great advances in medical treatment, pharmacological support, reperfusion techniques, and mechanical support, coronary syndromes are still among the main causes of morbidity and mortality. Aggressive myocardial revascularization approaches appear to be associated with reduced mortality in patients with ACS. The optimum moment of intervention should not only reduce mortality in the short term, but should also offer satisfactory results in the long term. Depending on the type of event, acute coronary syndrome has an adequate therapeutic modality. We address strategies related to infarction with and without ST segment elevation, myocardial infarction with cardiogenic shock, and mechanical complications of infarction. Ingeneral, the invasive approach has shown best results. Patients with infarction in the acute phase are preferably treated by percutaneous techniques, as the surgical approach requires time for effective revascularization. The long-term results vary, depending on the extent of the infarction, the ejection fraction, and the coronary anatomy. Patients who evolve with cardiogenic shock have high mortality, regardless of the strategy used. Patients who evolve with mechanical complications must undergo surgery, with the best moment for the intervention depending on the clinical and hemodynamic condition...


Subject(s)
Humans , Risk Assessment/methods , Myocardial Revascularization , Acute Coronary Syndrome/complications , Acute Coronary Syndrome/therapy , Stroke/complications , Stroke/therapy , Shock, Cardiogenic/complications , Shock, Cardiogenic/therapy , Acute Disease , Coronary Artery Disease/complications , Coronary Artery Disease/therapy , Myocardial Infarction/complications , Myocardial Infarction/therapy , Prognosis , Reperfusion/methods , Mitral Valve/surgery , Heart Ventricles
10.
Rev. Soc. Cardiol. Estado de Säo Paulo ; 26(2): 93-98, abr.-jun.2016. graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-796512

ABSTRACT

O tratamento do infarto agudo do miocárdio com supradesnível do segmento ST está consolidado no trinômio trombólise química-angioplastia primária-angioplastia de resgate. Dependendo do local de atendimento e da conduta local, essas estratégiasfuncionam e levam a reduções enormes de mortes e dano no miocárdio. É fundamental que o sistema de saúde se organize para estabelecer a melhor estratégia local para que se obtenha esse enorme benefício de abrir a artéria responsável pelo infarto ocluído, nomenor espaço de tempo...


The treatment of acute myocardial infarction with ST elevation is consolidated in the trinomialchemical thrombolysis – primary angioplasty – rescue angioplasty. Depending on where the procedure is carried out, and the local conduct, these strategies are effective, and enableenormous reductions in mortality and myocardial damage. It is essential for the health system to organize itself, to establish the best local strategy to obtain this enormous benefit of openingthe artery responsible for the occluded infarct related artery, in as short a time as possible...


Subject(s)
Humans , Myocardial Infarction/diagnosis , Myocardial Infarction/therapy , Percutaneous Coronary Intervention/methods , Reperfusion/methods , Thrombolytic Therapy/methods , Coronary Artery Disease/diagnosis , Electrocardiography/methods , Risk Factors , Prognosis , Treatment Outcome , Emergency Medical Services/methods
12.
ABCD (São Paulo, Impr.) ; 27(3): 196-200, Jul-Sep/2014. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-720378

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: The negative result of a research does not always indicate failure, and when the data do not permit a proper conclusion, or are contrary to the initial project, should not simply be discarded and archived. AIM: To report failure after performing experimental model of liver ischemia and reperfusion normothermic, continuous or intermittent, in small animals aiming at the study of biochemical and histological parameters after postoperative recovery. METHODS: Fifteen Wistar rats were divided into three groups of five animals each; all underwent surgery, the abdomen was sutured after the proposed procedures for each group and the animals were observed for 6 h or until they died, and then were reoperated. In Group 1, control (sham-operated): dissection of the hepatic hilum was performed; in Group 2: clamping of the hepatic hilum for 30 m; in Group 3: clamping of the hepatic hilum for 15 m, reperfusion for 5 m and another 15 m of clamping. Data from Groups 2 and 3 were compared with Student's t test. RESULTS: All animals of Group 1 survived for 6 h. Two animals in Group 2 died before the 6 h needed to validate the experiment; two did not recover from anesthesia and one survived until the end. In Group 3, four animals died before the 6 h established and one of them survived the required time. Only one animal in Group 2 and one in Group 3 survived and were able to accomplish the study. There was no statistical significance when the results of Groups 2 and 3 were compared (p>0.05). CONCLUSION: The death of six animals before the necessary period of observation turned the initial proposal of the experiment unfeasible. .


RACIONAL: O resultado negativo de uma pesquisa nem sempre indica falha, e quando os dados obtidos não permitem uma conclusão adequada, ou ainda, são contrários ao projeto inicial, não devem simplesmente ser desprezados e arquivados. OBJETIVO: Relatar falha ao realizar em animais de pequeno porte modelo experimental de isquemia e reperfusão hepática normotérmica, contínua ou intermitente, visando estudar parâmetros bioquímicos e histológicos após a recuperação pós-operatória. MÉTODOS: Quinze ratos da linhagem Wistar foram divididos em três grupos com cinco animais cada; todos foram operados, a cavidade abdominal foi suturada após os procedimentos propostos para cada grupo e os ratos foram observados por 6 h ou até morrerem, quando foram reoperados. Foram realizados no Grupo 1, controle (sham-operated): dissecção do hilo hepático; no Grupo 2: pinçamento do hilo hepático por 30 m; no Grupo 3: pinçamento do hilo hepático por 15 m, reperfusão do fígado por 5 m e mais 15 m de pinçamento. Os dados dos grupos 2 e 3 foram comparados com o teste t de Student. RESULTADOS: Todos os animais do Grupo 1 sobreviveram 6 h. Dois do Grupo 2 morreram antes das 6 h necessárias para a validação do experimento, dois não se recuperaram da primeira anestesia e um sobreviveu até o final. No Grupo 3, quatro animais morreram antes das 6 h previstas e um sobreviveu o tempo necessário. Apenas um animal do Grupo 2 e um do Grupo 3 sobreviveu ou se encontrava em condições para a complementação do estudo. Não houve significância estatística quando os resultados dos Grupos 2 e 3 foram comparados (p>0,05). CONCLUSÃO: A morte de seis animais antes do período de observação necessário após a primeira operação ...


Subject(s)
Animals , Rats , Disease Models, Animal , Ischemia , Liver/blood supply , Reperfusion/methods , Rats, Wistar
13.
Rev. bras. cardiol. invasiva ; 20(4): 361-366, out.-dez. 2012. ilus, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, SES-SP | ID: lil-666133

ABSTRACT

INTRODUÇÃO: Atrasos decorrentes da transferência para realização de intervenção coronária percutânea (ICP) primária impactam negativamente os benefícios do procedimento. MÉTODOS: Registro prospectivo objetivando comparar os resultados da ICP primária entre pacientes com infarto agudo do miocárdio com supradesnivelamento do segmento ST (IAMCSST) admitidos ou transferidos para hospital equipado com laboratório de intervenção. RESULTADOS: Entre fevereiro de 2009 e dezembro de 2011 foram incluídos 319 pacientes, com média de idade de 59,8 ± 12 anos, 28,5% do sexo feminino e 22,3% diabéticos. Pacientes transferidos para realização de ICP primária (n = 201) apresentaram tempo porta-balão mais longo (86,4 ± 26,6 min vs. 69 ± 22,6 min; P < 0,0001), diminuição não-significativa da resolução do supradesnivelamento do segmento ST (83,5% vs. 90,4%; P = 0,18), do fluxo final TIMI 3 (90,1% vs. 94,1%; P = 0,30), do blush miocárdico grau 3 (74,3% vs. 78,8%; P = 0,22) e do sucesso angiográfico (90,1% vs. 94,1%; P = 0,30), e incremento não-significativo de sangramento grave (2% vs. 0,9%; P = 0,20) e mortalidade hospitalar (6,5% vs. 4%; P = 0,29). CONCLUSÕES: O encaminhamento do paciente com IAMCSST diretamente a hospital com laboratório de intervenção associa-se a menor tempo porta-balão e melhora não-significativa dos marcadores de reperfusão e da mortalidade.


BACKGROUND: Delays resulting from the transfer to perform primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) have a negative impact on the benefits of the procedure. METHODS: Prospective registry aimed at comparing the results of primary PCI in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) admitted or transferred to an interventional cath lab equipped hospital. RESULTS: Between February 2009 and December 2011, 319 patients were included in the study with mean age of 59.8 ± 12 years, 28.5% were female and 22.3% were diabetics. Patients transferred for primary PCI (n = 201) had longer door-to-balloon time (86.4 ± 26.6 min vs 69 ± 22.6 min; P < 0.0001), a non-significant decrease in ST-segment elevation resolution (83.5% vs 90.4%; P = 0.18), final TIMI 3 flow (90.1% vs 94.1%; P = 0.30), myocardial blush grade 3 (74.3% vs 78.8%; P = 0.22) and angiographic success (90.1% vs 94.1%; P = 0.30), and a non-significant increase in major bleeding (2% vs 0.9%; P = 0.20) and hospital mortality (6.5% vs 4%; P = 0.29). CONCLUSIONS: The referral of patients with STEMI directly to an interventional cath lab equipped hospital is associated with shorter door-to-balloon time and non-significant improvement of reperfusion markers and mortality.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , Angioplasty/methods , Angioplasty , Myocardial Infarction/complications , Myocardial Infarction/diagnosis , Reperfusion/methods , Reperfusion , Patient Transfer/methods , Risk Factors , Mortality
14.
Arq. neuropsiquiatr ; 70(8): 609-616, Aug. 2012. ilus, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-645373

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the neuroprotection of mild hypothermia, applied in different moments, in temporary focal cerebral ischemia in rats. METHODS: Rats was divided into Control (C), Sham (S), Ischemic-control(IC), Pre-ischemic Hypothermia (IH1), Intra-ischemic Hypothermia (IH2), and Post-ischemic Hypothermia (IH3) groups. Morphometry was performed using the KS400 software (Carl Zeiss®) in coronal sections stained by Luxol Fast Blue. Ischemic areas and volumes were obtained. RESULTS: Statistically, blue areas showed difference for C vs. IC, IC vs. IH1 and IC vs. IH2 (p=0.0001; p=0.01; p=0.03), and no difference between C vs. S, IC vs. IH3 and IH vs. IH2 (p=0.39; p=0.85; p=0.63). Red areas showed difference between C vs. IC, IC vs. IH1 and IC vs. IH2 (p=0.0001; p=0.009; p=0.03), and no difference between C vs. S, IC vs. IH3 and IH1 vs. IH2 (p=0.48; p=0.27; p=0.68). Average ischemic areas and ischemic volumes showed difference between IC vs. IH1 and IC vs. IH2 (p=0.0001 and p=0.0011), and no difference between IC vs. IH3 and IH1 vs. IH2 (p=0.57; p=0.79). CONCLUSION: Pre-ischemic and intra-ischemic hypothermia were shown to be similarly neuroprotective, but this was not true for post-ischemic hypothermia.


OBJETIVO: Avaliar a neuroproteção da hipotermia leve, aplicada em diferentes momentos, durante isquemia cerebral focal temporária em ratos. MÉTODOS: Ratos foram divididos em grupos: Controle (C), Sham (S), Controle-isquêmico (IC), Hipotermia Pré-isquêmica (IH1), Hipotermia Intra-isquêmica (IH2) e Hipotermia Pós-isquêmica (IH3). A morfometria foi realizada em secções coronais coradas por Luxol Fast Blue através do programa KS400 (Carl Zeiss®). Foram calculados áreas e volumes isquêmicos. RESULTADOS: Estatisticamente, áreas azuis demonstraram diferença entre os grupos C vs. IC, IC vs. IH1 e IC vs. IH2 (p=0,0001; p=0,01; p=0,03), e nenhuma diferença entre C vs. S, IC vs. IH3 e IH vs. IH2 (p=0,39; p=0,85; p=0,63). Áreas vermelhas demonstraram diferença entre C vs. IC, IC vs. IH1 e IC vs. IH2 (p=0,0001; p=0,009; p=0,03), e nenhuma diferença entre C vs. S, IC vs. IH3 e IH1 vs. IH2 (p=0,48; p=0,27; p=0,68). Áreas isquêmicas médias e volumes isquêmicos demonstraram diferença entre os grupos IC vs. IH1 e IC vs. IH2 (p=0,0001 and p=0,0011), e nenhuma diferença entre IC vs. IH3 and IH1 vs. IH2 (p=0,57; p=0,79). CONCLUSÃO: Hipotermias pré-isquêmica e intra-isquêmica demonstraram neuroproteção em grau semelhante, o que não ocorreu com hipotermia pós-isquêmica.


Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Rats , Hypothermia, Induced/methods , Ischemic Attack, Transient/pathology , Reperfusion Injury/prevention & control , Analysis of Variance , Arterial Occlusive Diseases/complications , Body Temperature , Disease Models, Animal , Ischemic Attack, Transient/etiology , Ischemic Attack, Transient/prevention & control , Rats, Wistar , Reperfusion/methods , Sodium Chloride , Statistics, Nonparametric , Time Factors
15.
Rev. Col. Bras. Cir ; 39(3): 207-210, maio-jun. 2012. ilus, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-643149

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: desenvolver um modelo experimental de isquemia global normotérmica transitória capaz de demonstrar os tempos de isquemia e reperfusão necessários para desenvolvimento de lesão de isquemia/reperfusão em intestinos delgados de ratos Wistar através clampeamento de aorta abdominal suprarrenal. MÉTODOS: Vinte ratos Wistar adultos machos, pesando entre 250 e 350g, foram distribuídos aleatoriamente em cinco grupos, com quatro ratos cada, e submetidos a tempos crescentes de isquemia (0 - 30 - 45 - 60 - 90 minutos). Dentro de cada grupo, à exceção do grupo controle, dois ratos foram submetidos à 60 minutos de reperfusão e dois à 90 minutos. Após os procedimentos, procedeu-se análise histológica através de medição de áreas de necrose. RESULTADOS: O grau de necrose intestinal variou de 15 a 54% (p=0,0004). Houve tendência de aumento progressivo no grau de lesão relacionado ao aumento no tempo de isquemia, contudo, os maiores graus de lesão foram observados nos menores tempos de reperfusão. A análise do coeficiente de variação de necrose entre os dez grupos de isquemia/reperfusão demonstrou diferença estatisticamente significante em 15 postos, sendo 13 relacionados ao grupo controle. CONCLUSÃO: O modelo foi capaz de demonstrar os tempos necessários para que ocorra lesão de isquemia/reperfusão intestinal através de clampeamento aórtico e poderá servir como base para facilitar o desenvolvimento de estudos voltados para a compreensão deste tipo de lesão.


OBJECTIVE: To develop an experimental model of global normothermic ischemia able to demonstrate the transient ischemia and reperfusion periods required for development of ischemia/reperfusion injury in the small intestines of Wistar rats by clamping the abdominal aorta. METHODS: Twenty adult male Wistar rats weighing 250-350g were randomly divided into five groups with four rats each and submitted to increasing times of ischemia (0 - 30 - 45 - 60 - 90 minutes). Within each group, except the control one, two rats underwent 60 minutes of reperfusion and two 90 minutes. After the procedures, histological analysis was conducted by measurement of areas of necrosis. RESULTS: The degree of intestinal necrosis ranged from 15% to 54% (p = 0.0004). There was progressive increase in the degree of injury related to increase in ischemic time. However, greater degrees of injury were observed in the lowest times of reperfusion. The analysis of the coefficient of variation of necrosis among the ten groups of ischemia/reperfusion showed a statistically significant difference in 15 areas, 13 related to the control group. CONCLUSION: The model was able to show the periods required for the occurrence of ischemia/reperfusion injury by aortic clamping and can serve as a basis to facilitate the development of studies that aim at understanding this kind of injury.


Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Rats , Disease Models, Animal , Ischemia , Mesentery/blood supply , Aorta, Abdominal , Constriction , Rats, Wistar , Reperfusion/methods
16.
J. bras. pneumol ; 37(6): 791-795, nov.-dez. 2011. ilus, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-610912

ABSTRACT

Modelos de recondicionamento pulmonar ex vivo têm sido avaliados desde sua proposição. Quando são utilizados pulmões humanos descartados para transplante, a grande variabilidade entre os casos pode limitar o desenvolvimento de alguns estudos. No intuito de reduzir esse problema, desenvolvemos uma técnica de separação do bloco pulmonar em direito e esquerdo com posterior reconexão, permitindo que um lado sirva de caso e o outro de controle.


Since they were first established, ex vivo models of lung reconditioning have been evaluated extensively. When rejected donor lungs are used, the great variability among the cases can hinder the progress of such studies. In order to avoid this problem, we developed a technique that consists of separating the lung block into right and left blocks and subsequently reconnecting those two blocks. This technique allows us to have one study lung and one control lung.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Donor Selection , Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation/methods , Lung Transplantation/methods , Lung/surgery , Organ Preservation/methods , Reperfusion/methods , Lung/blood supply , Lung/pathology , Medical Illustration , Models, Biological , Transplantation Conditioning/methods
17.
Arq. neuropsiquiatr ; 69(4): 682-686, Aug. 2011. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-596837

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: Demonstrate brain perfusion changes due to neuronal activation after functional electrical stimulation (FES). METHOD: It was studied 14 patients with hemiplegia who were submitted to a program with FES during fourteen weeks. Brain perfusion SPECT was performed before and after FES therapy. These patients were further separated into 2 groups according to the hemiplegia cause: cranial trauma and major vascular insults. All SPECT images were analyzed using SPM. RESULTS: There was a significant statistical difference between the two groups related to patient's ages and extent of hypoperfusion in the SPECT. Patients with cranial trauma had a reduction in the hypoperfused area and patients with major vascular insult had an increase in the hypoperfused area after FES therapy. CONCLUSION: FES therapy can result in brain perfusion improvement in patients with brain lesions due to cranial trauma but probably not in patients with major vascular insults with large infarct area.


OBJETIVO: Demonstrar mudanças na perfusão cerebral devido à ativação neuronal depois de estimulação elétrica funcional (EEF). MÉTODO: Foram estudados 14 pacientes com hemiplegia submetidos a quatorze semanas de um programa com EEF. O SPECT de perfusão cerebral foi realizado antes e depois da terapia com EEF. Estes pacientes foram separados em 2 grupos com relação à causa da hemiplegia: trauma craniano e acidente vascular cerebral (AVC). As imagens de SPECT foram analisadas usando SPM. RESULTADOS: Houve diferença estatisticamente significativa entre os dois grupos relacionada a idade dos pacientes e extensão da hipoperfusão. Os pacientes com trauma craniano tiveram redução na área de hipoperfusão e pacientes com AVC tiveram aumento na área de hipoperfusão após terapia com EEF. CONCLUSÃO: A terapia com EEF pode levar a melhora na perfusão cerebral em pacientes com lesões cerebrais secundárias a trauma craniano; entretanto, provavelmente não em pacientes com extensas áreas de infarto secundárias a AVC.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Brain Injuries/therapy , Cerebrovascular Circulation/physiology , Electric Stimulation Therapy/methods , Hemiplegia/therapy , Blood Flow Velocity/physiology , Brain Injuries/complications , Brain Injuries/physiopathology , Brain/blood supply , Case-Control Studies , Hemiplegia/etiology , Hemiplegia/physiopathology , Regional Blood Flow/physiology , Reperfusion/methods , Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon
18.
Rev. bras. cardiol. invasiva ; 18(3): 263-272, set. 2010. tab, ilus, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-566800

ABSTRACT

INTRODUÇÃO: A reperfusão precoce da artéria responsável pelo acidente vascular cerebral isquêmico está associada ao salvamento da zona de hipoperfusão adjacente à área central isquêmica. Nosso objetivo foi analisar em uma série retrospectiva de pacientes a eficácia da trombólise intra-arterial em restabelecer o fluxo no vaso tratado na fase aguda do acidente vascular cerebral isquêmico e avaliar o grau de incapacidade por meio da escala de Rankin modificada (ERm) no seguimento mínimo de três meses, identificando variáveis prognósticas. Método: Série de 30 pacientes com acidente vascular cerebral isquêmico [tempo entre o início dos sintomas e o início da trombólise (At) < 6 horas no território carotídeo e < 12 horas no território vértebro-basilar) associado a oclusão de uma artéria cerebral, angiograficamente comprovada, e sem hemorragia ou sinais de infarto de grande extensão na tomografia computadorizada, submetidos a trombólise intra-arterial, combinada ou não a angioplastia intracaniana adjunta. Resultados: A pontuação admissional na escala do acidente vascular cerebral do National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) foi de 15 + ou - 17. A trombólise intra-arterial, combinada ou não...


BACKGROUND: Early reperfusion of an occluded artery responsible for an acute ischemic stroke is associated to the salvage of the hypoperfused zone adjacent to the central ischemic area. Our objective was to analyze the efficacy of intra-arterial thrombolysis in reestablishing flow in the treated vessel during the acute phase of ischemic stroke in a retrospective series of patients and evaluate the degree of disability using the modified Rankin scale (mRS) in a minimum follow-up period of three months, identifying prognostic variables. METHODS: Series of 30 patients with acute ischemic stroke [time from the onset of symptoms and beginning of thrombolysis (Δt) < 6 hours in the carotid territory and < 12 hours in basilar territory] associated to the occlusion of a cerebral artery confirmed by angiography and without hemorrhage or major early infarction signs at computed tomography (CT) scan, undergoing intra-arterial thrombolysis associated to adjuvant intracranial angioplasty. RESULTS: The National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score was 15 ± 17. Complete recanalization was observed in 21 patients (70%) and partial recanalization in 9 patients (30%). Intracranial angioplasty was required in 8 patients. Favorable outcome (mRS < 2) was obtained in 53.3% of the overall sample and in 64% of the patients with middle cerebral artery occlusion. A better outcome was associated to better collateral flow (P = 0.07), involvement of the middle cerebral artery (P = 0.01), involvement of the right cerebral hemisphere (P = 0.07), and intra-arterial thrombolysis < 4.5 hours (P = 0.057). An unfavorable outcome was associated to hyperglycemia (P = 0.003), initial NIHSS > 18 (P = 0.01), advanced age (P = 0.01) and higher doses of recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rt-PA) (P = 0.08). CONCLUSIONS: Intra-arterial thrombolysis in the acute phase of ischemic stroke and associated to adjunct intracranial angioplasty has proven to be an effective method with a high percentage of complete recanalization and favorable outcome in appropriately selected patients.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , Stroke/complications , Stroke/mortality , Reperfusion/methods , Thrombolytic Therapy/methods , Thrombolytic Therapy , Angioplasty/methods , Blood Glucose/analysis
19.
Rev. bras. cardiol. invasiva ; 18(3): 300-305, set. 2010. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-566805

ABSTRACT

INTRODUÇÃO: Apesar dos grandes vasos alcançados pela cardiologia intervencionista, o fenômeno do no-reflow ainda ocorre durante as intervenções coronárias percutâneas (ICP) e está associada a pior prognóstico. O objetivo deste estudo foi caracterizar os perfis clínico, angiográfico e do procedimento de pacientes com no-reflow, além de avaliar seu impacto clínico tardio. Método: Analisamos, no período de janeiro de 2004 a fevereiro de 2009, todos os pacientes submetidos a ICP no Instituto do Coração (InCor), que em qualquer momento da intervenção apresentaram no-reflow, mesmo que transitoriamente. Os pacientes foram divididos em dois grupos: no-reflow de reperfusão (associado a ICP primária) e no-reflow de intervenção (associado a ICP eletiva) A probabilidade de óbito foi estimada pelo método de Kaplan-Meier e a regressçao de Cox foi utilizada para identificar seus preditores. Resultados: Foram avaliados 132 pacientes consecutivos, 81 no grupo no reflow de reperusão e 51 no grupo no-reflow de intervenção. O sucesso do procedimento foi obtido em 83,5 por cento da população total (80,2 por cento vs. 90,2 por cento, respectivamente; P=0,149). A probabilidade de mortalidade tardia foi estimada em 38,6 por cento, sendo maior...


BACKGROUND: Despite major advances in interventional cardiology in recent years, no-reflow is still observed during percutaneous coronary interventions (PCI), and is associated to a worse prognosis. The objective of this study was to characterize the clinical, angiographic and procedural profile of patients with no-reflow as well as assessing its late clinical impact. METHODS: From January 2004 to February 2009, patients undergoing PCI at the Instituto do Coração (InCor), presenting no-reflow at any time during the intervention, were evaluated. Patients were divided into two groups: reperfusion no-reflow (associated to primary PCI) and interventional no-reflow (associated to elective PCI). The probability of death was estimated by the Kaplan-Meier method and Cox regression was used to identify its predictors. RESULTS: One hundred and thirty-two consecutive patients were evaluated, 81 in the reperfusion no-reflow group and 51 in the interventional no-reflow group. Procedural success was observed in 83.5% of the overall population (80.2% vs. 90.2%, respectively; P = 0.149). The long-term probability of death was estimated at 38.6%, and was higher in the reperfusion no-reflow group (55.8% vs. 11.1%; P = 0.005). In the multivariate analysis, only female gender [hazard ratio (HR) 2.5, 95% confidence interval (95% CI) 1.225.14; P = 0.027) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (HR 9.35, CI 95% 1.45-60.14; P = 0.027) were independent predictors of mortality, whereas the prior use of statin was a protective factor (HR 0.15, 95% CI 0.05-0.48; P = 0.002). CONCLUSIONS: The no-reflow phenomenon was associated with high procedural failure rates and long-term mortality, especially when associated to primary angioplasty.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary/methods , Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary , Myocardial Infarction/complications , Reperfusion/methods , Electrocardiography
20.
Rev. bras. anestesiol ; 60(2): 154-161, mar.-abr. 2010. tab
Article in English, Spanish, Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-552043

ABSTRACT

JUSTIFICATIVA E OBJETIVOS: A revascularização do órgão transplantado é um momento crucial no transplante ortotópico de fígado (TOF). Aproximadamente um terço dos pacientes desenvolve síndrome pós-reperfusão hepática (SPR), uma combinação de hipotermia, desordens metabólicas e instabilidade cardiovascular que podem levar à parada cardíaca. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a relação velocidade-qualidade (RVQ) da reperfusão do órgão transplantado como fator independente de predição da SPR. MÉTODOS: Todos os pacientes elegíveis que se submeteram ao TOF em nossa instituição de 1987 a março de 2009 foram incluídos. O OR ajustado da associação RVQ-SPR foi obtido através do modelo de regressão logística, incluindo oito variáveis de confusão. RESULTADOS: A proporção de pacientes que desenvolveram SPR foi maior nos pacientes com RVQ identificada como boa (75,8 por cento) do que naqueles com RVQ média ou baixa; o risco relativo ao comparar a RVQ de boa qualidade com a RVQ de baixa qualidade foi de 12,9 (IC 95 por cento: 2,1 - 528,8). O OR ajustado foi de 132,9 (IC 95 por cento: 10,5 - 1688,6) quando a RVQ de boa e baixa qualidade foram comparadas e de 90,9 (IC 95 por cento: 13,8-645,2) comparando a RVQ boa com a intermediária. CONCLUSÕES: De acordo com nossos resultados, a RVQ pode ser considerada um bom fator preditivo da SPR.


BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The revascularization of the graft remains as a crucial instant of the orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT) surgical procedure. About a third of the recipients suffer the postreperfusion syndrome (PRS), a combination of hypothermia, metabolic disorders and cardiovascular instability potentially leading to cardiac arrest. The objective of this study was to evaluate the speed-quality (SQR) of the graft`s reperfusion as an independent predictor of PRS. METHODS: All eligible patients receiving an OLT in our institution from 1987 to march 2009 were included. The adjusted OR for SQR-PRS association was obtained by means of logistic regression modeling including eight potential confounders. RESULTS: The proportion of recipients suffering PRS was highest when the SQR was identified as good (75.8 percent) compared to those with middle or poor SQR; the relative risk comparing good SQR with poor SQR was 12.9 (CI 95 percent: 2.1-528.8). The adjusted OR was 132.9 (95 percent CI: 10.5-1688.6) when comparing good with bad SQR and 90.9 (95 percent CI: 13.8-645.2) when comparing good with intermediate SQR. CONCLUSIONS: According to our results, SQR can be considered an unambiguous predictor of PRS.


JUSTIFICATIVA Y OBJETIVOS: La revascularización del órgano transplantado es un momento crucial en el transplante ortotópico de hígado (TOH). Aproximadamente un tercio de los pacientes debuta con síndrome de post-reperfusión hepática (SPR), una combinación de hipotermia, desórdenes metabólicos e inestabilidad cardiovascular que pueden conllevar a la parada cardíaca. El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar la relación velocidad-calidad (RVC), de la reperfusión del órgano transplantado como factor independiente de predicción de la SPR. MÉTODOS: Todos los pacientes elegibles que se sometieron al TOH en nuestra institución desde 1987 a marzo de 2009, estuvieron incluidos en el estudio. El OR ajustado de la asociación RVC-SPR, se obtuvo a través del modelo de regresión logística, incluyendo ocho variables de confusión. RESULTADOS: La proporción de pacientes que debutaron con SPR fue más elevada en los pacientes con RVC identificada como buena (75,8 por ciento), que en aquellos con RVC media o baja; el riesgo relativo al comparar la RVC de buena calidad con la RVC de baja calidad fue de 12,9 (IC 95 por ciento: 2,1 - 528,8). El OR ajustado fue de 132,9 (IC 95 por ciento: 10,5 - 1688,6) cuando la RVC de buena y baja calidad fueron comparadas, y de 90,9 (IC 95 por ciento: 13,8-645,2) comparando la RVC buena con la intermedia. CONCLUSIONES: De acuerdo con nuestros resultados, la RVC puede ser considerada como un buen factor predictivo de la SPR.


Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Intraoperative Complications/etiology , Liver Transplantation , Reperfusion Injury/etiology , Reperfusion/adverse effects , Reperfusion/methods , Risk Factors , Syndrome , Time Factors
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